Tehran University of Medical Sciences Immunology and Genetics Journal 2645-4831 6 1 2023 03 22 28 33 Hossein Ali Khazaie Clinical Immunology Research Center (CIRC), Ali Ebne Abitalib Hospital, School of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran Nazar Ali Molaie Clinical Immunology Research Center (CIRC), School of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran Forugh Forughi Clinical Immunology Research Center (CIRC), School of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran Arewic Gowrkian Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran Javid Dehghan Department of community Medicine, School of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran Javad Mahmodi Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran 2024 08 21 2024 08 21 Background: Cytokines are important in many pathobiological processes of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). This study aimed to determine the relationship between serum levels of interleukin-33 (IL- 33) and the severity of COPD disease. Method: In this cross-sectional research, the study population consisted of all COPD patients referring to the pulmonary clinic of Imam-Ali Hospital of Zahedan city. Sixty patients were selected using the available sampling method. Serum IL-33 levels were measured by the quantitative ELISA method. Results: Of 60 patients, 23 (38.3%) and 37 (61.7%) subjects were male and female, respectively. Analysis shows a significant difference between serum IL-33 of the two groups with regard to the severity of COPD disease. There was a statistically significant negative relationship between the serum level of IL-33 and the severity (decrease of forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1)) of COPD disease. Conclusion: Our results indicate a systemic release of IL-33 correlated with the severity of COPD. https://igj.tums.ac.ir/index.php/igj/article/view/143 https://igj.tums.ac.ir/index.php/igj/article/download/143/117