Tehran University of Medical Sciences Immunology and Genetics Journal 2645-4831 2 2 2019 06 01 44 57 Mohammad Hossein Asgardoon Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Pediatrics Center of Excellence, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran AND Iranian Student Society for Immunodeficiencies, Student’s Scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Mohamad Mehdi Rezwanifar Iranian Student Society for Immunodeficiencies, Scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Bahar Ataeinia Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Pediatrics Center of Excellence, Children Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Yasser Bagheri Clinical Research Development Unit (CRDU), 5 azar Hospital, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran AND Department Immunology, School Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran, Iran AND Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Pediatrics Center of Excellence, Children’s Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2019 04 19 Background/objectives: Primary immunodeficiency disorders (PID) are a group of hereditary disorders characterized by various complications. Many patients with PID are undiagnosed, underdiagnosed, or misdiagnosed due to lack of physicians’ awareness, which culminates in increased rates of morbidity and mortality. Method: Nine states of Iran were chosen for evaluating physicians’ awareness of PID. The population study consisted of pediatricians (specialties and subspecialties), pediatric residents, and general practitioners. A valid and reliable questionnaire was prepared for awareness scoring assessment. We provided physicians with continuing medical education (CME) and evaluated the effect on physicians’ awareness of PID. Results: Among 794 physicians, 466 general practitioners (GP), 90 pediatric residents, 124 pediatric specialists, and 20 pediatric subspecialists were included in this study. The mean age of participants was 40.96±10.63 years. The mean period of practicing medicine was 12±9.53 years. The mean total knowledge score of participants was 51.30 with a standard deviation of 18.76. Only 161 participants (20.4%) answered more than 2/3 of all questions correctly. The mean scores in the management of PIDs was 66.25±54.55, followed by laboratory findings as 49.57±25.07, clinical symptoms as 54.42 ± 17.85, and associated syndromes as 42.32 ± 28.57. Only 207 physicians completed the CME curricula. Significant improvements were observed in physician’s knowledge after the programs (P <0.0001). Conclusion: This survey demonstrated that there is a lack of both the knowledge and practice of pediatricians in the field of PID in Iran. Implementation of strategies to raise pediatricians’ awareness and assure the earliest diagnosis, appropriate treatment, and proper care management is critical. https://igj.tums.ac.ir/index.php/igj/article/view/13 https://igj.tums.ac.ir/index.php/igj/article/download/13/15