An Update to the Current Passive Immunotherapeutic Approaches to COVID-19 Treatment
Abstract
The newest member of the coronavirus family, the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has caused a pandemic (after being endemic in Wuhan, China) and is threatening to the health of every person on the planet. Nearly 1.5 years after the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) worldwide challenges, a gold-standard, highly effective anti-viral therapy is still undiscovered. The urgency of this pandemic has forced all scientists to tackle this problem using any logical mode of therapy. One such approach is modulating and manipulating the host’s immune response using immunotherapy against SARS-CoV-2 infection and its collateral complications. This review article aims to present an update on the immunopathogenesis of SARS CoV-2, and how it, directly and indirectly, deteriorates the patients’ condition. The latest findings of preclinical and clinical trials using passive immunotherapy in the context of the COVID-19 are compiled as well.
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18. Chen L, Xiong J, Bao L, Shi Y. Convalescent plasma as a potential therapy for COVID-19. Vol. 20, Lancet Infect Dis. 2020;20(4):398–400.
19. Cheng Y, Wong R, Soo YOY, Wong WS, Lee CK, Ng MHL, et al. Use of convalescent plasma therapy in SARS patients in Hong Kong. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 2005;24(1):44–6.
20. Zhou G, Zhao Q. Perspectives on therapeutic neutralizing antibodies against the novel coronavirus sars-cov-2. Int J Biol Sci. 2020:16(10):1718–23.
21. Zhai P, Ding Y, Wu X, Long J, Zhong Y, Li Y. The epidemiology, diagnosis and treatment of COVID-19. Int J Antimicrob Agents. 2020;55(5): 105955-67.
22. Rojas M, Rodríguez Y, Monsalve DM, Acosta-Ampudia Y, Camacho B, Gallo JE, et al. Convalescent plasma in Covid-19: Possible mechanisms of action. Autoimmun Rev. 2020;19:102554.
23. Duan K, Liu B, Li C, Zhang H, Yu T, Qu J, et al. Effectiveness of convalescent plasma therapy in severe COVID-19 patients. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2020;117(17):9490–6.
24. Zhang B, Liu S, Tan T, Huang W, Dong Y, Chen L, et al. Treatment With Convalescent Plasma for Critically Ill Patients With Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infection. Chest. 2020;158(1):e9–13.
25. Ibrahim D, Dulipsingh L, Zapatka L, Eadie R, Crowell R, Williams K, et al. Factors Associated with Good Patient Outcomes Following Convalescent Plasma in COVID-19: A Prospective Phase II Clinical Trial. Infect Dis Ther. 2020;9(4):913–26.
26. Shen C, Wang Z, Zhao F, Yang Y, Li J, Yuan J, et al. Treatment of 5 Critically Ill Patients with COVID-19 with Convalescent Plasma. JAMA - J Am Med Assoc. 2020;323(16):1582–9.
27. Ahn JY, Sohn Y, Lee SH, Cho Y, Hyun JH, Baek YJ, et al. Use of convalescent plasma therapy in two covid-19 patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome in Korea. J Korean Med Sci. 2020;35(14):e149.
28. Iqbal Yatoo M, Hamid Z, Rather I, Nazir QUA, Bhat RA, Ul Haq A, et al. Immunotherapies and immunomodulatory approaches in clinical trials - a mini review. Hum Vaccines Immunother. 2021;17(7):1897–909.
29. Casadevall A, Pirofski LA. The convalescent sera option for containing COVID-19. J Clin Invest. 2020;130(40):1545–8.
30. Wang C, Li W, Drabek D, Okba NMA, van Haperen R, Osterhaus ADME, et al. A human monoclonal antibody blocking SARS-CoV-2 infection. Nat Commun. 2020;11(1):2251-68.
31. Deb P, Molla MMA, Saif-Ur-Rahman KM. An update to monoclonal antibody as therapeutic option against COVID-19. Biosaf Health. 2021;35(2):87–91.
32. Xia S, Liu M, Wang C, Xu W, Lan Q, Feng S, et al. Inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 (previously 2019-nCoV) infection by a highly potent pan-coronavirus fusion inhibitor targeting its spike protein that harbors a high capacity to mediate membrane fusion. Cell Res. 2020;30(4):343–55.
33. Tian X, Li C, Huang A, Xia S, Lu S, Shi Z, et al. Potent binding of 2019 novel coronavirus spike protein by a SARS coronavirus-specific human monoclonal antibody. Emerg Microbes Infect. 2020;9(1):382–5.
34. Tamina Park, Sang-Yeop Lee, Seil Kim, Mi Jeong Kim, Hong Gi Kim, Sangmi Jun, Seung Il Kim, Bum Tae Kim, Edmond Changkyun Park DP. Spike protein binding prediction with neutralizing antibodies of SARS-CoV-2. bioRxiv. 2021; Available from: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.02.22.951178
35. Pinto D, Park YJ, Beltramello M, Walls AC, Tortorici MA, Bianchi S, et al. Cross-neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 by a human monoclonal SARS-CoV antibody. Nature. 2020;583(7815):290–5.
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| Files | ||
| Issue | Vol 4, No 1 (2021) | |
| Section | Review Article | |
| DOI | https://doi.org/10.18502/igj.v4i1.8385 | |
| Keywords | ||
| Immunotherapy SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 Adoptive Immunotherapy | ||
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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. |
How to Cite
1.
Ghaffari S, Salehi-Najafabadi A, Kazerooni H. An Update to the Current Passive Immunotherapeutic Approaches to COVID-19 Treatment. Immunol Genet J. 2021;4(1):1-13.
