Vaccination in Patients with Primary Immunodeficiency Disorders
Abstract
Primary Immunodeficiency Disorders (PID), are heterogeneous groups of an abnormality in innate and adoptive immune systems. Patients with these disorders, are susceptible to life-threatening infections. Infection control, is an important strategy for improving the quality of life and prognosis. Prophylaxis, intravenous immunoglobulin and antibiotic therapy for a long period of time, is an appropriate option for many patients with PID. But vaccination in immunocompromised patients may play a significant role and various outcomes. Depending on the type of PID, there are different results after the administration of vaccines in patients. In some cases, immune response is perfect and there is a well protection against the syndromes. On the other hand, in some other patients, immune response is impaired, and the vaccination is ineffective or even could lead to severe overwhelming side effects. To date, there are no well-established guidelines about the vaccination of immunocompromised people. In this review, we are going to describe the latest recommendations for the immunization of patients with PID, based on the published literatures.
1. Abolhassani H, Kiaee F, Tavakol M, Chavoshzadeh Z, Mahdaviani S A, Momen T, et al. Fourth Update on the Iranian National Registry of Primary Immunodeficiencies: Integration of Molecular Diagnosis. J Clin Immunol. 2018;38(7):816-832.
2. Papadopoulou-Alataki E, Hassan A,Davies E G. Prevention of infection in children and adolescents with primary immunodeficiency disorders. Asian Pac J Allergy Immunol. 2012;30(4):249-258.
3. Bonilla F A. Update: Vaccines in primary immunodeficiency. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2018;141(2):474-481.
4. Chapel H, Prevot J, Gaspar H B, Español T, Bonilla F A, Solis L, et al. Primary immune deficiencies–principles of care. Front Immunol. 2014;5:627.
5. of the Immune M A C, Foundation D, Shearer W T, Fleisher T A, Buckley R H, Ballas Z, et al. Recommendations for live viral and bacterial vaccines in immunodeficient patients and their close contacts. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2014;133(4):961-966.
6. Principi N,Esposito S. Vaccine use in primary immunodeficiency disorders. Vaccine. 2014;32(30):3725-3731.
7. Martire B, Azzari C, Badolato R, Canessa C, Cirillo E, Gallo V, et al. Vaccination in immunocompromised host: recommendations of italian primary immunodeficiency network centers (IPINET). Vaccine. 2018;36(24):3541-3554.
8. Shrot S, Barkai G, Ben-Shlush A,Soudack M. BCGitis and BCGosis in children with primary immunodeficiency—imaging characteristics. Pediatr radiol. 2016;46(2):237-245.
9. Elsidig N, Alshahrani D, Alshehri M, Alzahrani M, Alhajjar S, Aljummah S, et al. Bacillus Calmette–Guérin vaccine related lymphadenitis in children: Management guidelines endorsed by the Saudi Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society (SPIDS). Int J Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2015;2(2):89-95.
10. Marciano B E, Huang C Y, Joshi G, Rezaei N, Carvalho B C, Allwood Z, et al. BCG vaccination in patients with severe combined immunodeficiency: complications, risks, and vaccination policies. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2014;133(4):1134-1141.
11. Sarmiento J D, Villada F, Orrego J C, Franco J L,Trujillo-Vargas C M. Adverse events following immunization in patients with primary immunodeficiencies. Vaccine. 2016;34(13):1611-1616.
12. Sarmiento Delgado J, Trujillo Vargas C, Villada F, Orrego Arango J,Franco J, editors. Adverse events following immunization (AEFI) in patients with Primary Immunodeficiencies. Front. Immunol. Conference Abstract: IMMUNOCOLOMBIA2015-11th Congress of the Latin American Association of Immunology-10o. Congreso de la Asociación Colombiana de Alergia, Asma e Inmunología. doi: 10.3389/conf. fimmu; 2015.
13. Zhou Q, Hui X, Ying W, Hou J, Wang W, Liu D, et al. A cohort of 169 chronic granulomatous disease patients exposed to BCG vaccination: a retrospective study from a single center in Shanghai, China (2004–2017). J Clin Immunol. 2018;38(3):260-272.
14. Ishikawa T, Okai M, Mochizuki E, Uchiyama T, Onodera M,Kawai T. BCG infections at high frequency in both AR-CGD and X-CGD patients following BCG vaccination. Clin Infect Dis. 2020.
15. Chitamanni P, Anbazhagan J, Parameswaran N,Vijayakumar S. BCGosis in Infants with Severe Combined ImmunoDeficiency (SCID). Indian J Pediatr. 2018;85(7):585-586.
16. Esteve-Sole A, Sánchez-Dávila S P, Deyà-Martínez A, Freeman A F, Zelazny A M, Dekker J P, et al. Severe BCG-osis misdiagnosed as multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in an IL-12Rβ1-deficient Peruvian girl. J Clin Immunol. 2018;38(6):712-716.
17. Bayer D, Martinez C, Sorte H, Forbes L, Demmler‐Harrison G, Hanson I, et al. Vaccine‐associated varicella and rubella infections in severe combined immunodeficiency with isolated CD 4 lymphocytopenia and mutations in IL 7 R detected by tandem whole exome sequencing and chromosomal microarray. Clin Exp Immunol. 2014;178(3):459-469.
18. Pöyhönen L, Bustamante J, Casanova J-L, Jouanguy E,Zhang Q. Life-threatening infections due to live-attenuated vaccines: early manifestations of inborn errors of immunity. J Clin Immunol. 2019;39(4):376-390.
19. Burns C, Cheung A, Stark Z, Choo S, Downie L, White S, et al. A novel presentation of homozygous loss-of-function STAT-1 mutation in an infant with hyperinflammation—A case report and review of the literature. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract. 2016;4(4):777-779.
20. Duncan C J, Mohamad S M, Young D F, Skelton A J, Leahy T R, Munday D C, et al. Human IFNAR2 deficiency: Lessons for antiviral immunity. Sci Transl Med. 2015;7(307):307ra154.
21. Rubin L G, Levin M J, Ljungman P, Davies E G, Avery R, Tomblyn M, et al. 2013 IDSA clinical practice guideline for vaccination of the immunocompromised host. Clin Infect Dis. 2014;58(3):e44-e100.
22. Galal N M, Meshaal S, ElHawary R, Nasr E, Bassiouni L, Ashghar H, et al. Poliovirus excretion following vaccination with live poliovirus vaccine in patients with primary immunodeficiency disorders: clinicians’ perspectives in the endgame plan for polio eradication. BMC research notes. 2018;11(1):1-5.
23. Mohanty M C, Madkaikar M R, Desai M, Taur P, Nalavade U P, Sharma D K, et al. Poliovirus Excretion in Children with Primary Immunodeficiency Disorders, India. Emerg Infect Dis. 2017;23(10):1664-1670.
24. Giri S, Kumar N, Dhanapal P, Venkatesan J, Kasirajan A, Iturriza-Gomara M, et al. Quantity of Vaccine Poliovirus Shed Determines the Titer of the Serum Neutralizing Antibody Response in Indian Children Who Received Oral Vaccine. J Infect Dis. 2018;217(9):1395-1398.
25. Aghamohammadi A, Abolhassani H, Kutukculer N, Wassilak S G, Pallansch M A, Kluglein S, et al. Patients with Primary Immunodeficiencies Are a Reservoir of Poliovirus and a Risk to Polio Eradication. Front Immunol. 2017;8:685.
26. Eibl M M,Wolf H M. Vaccination in patients with primary immune deficiency, secondary immune deficiency and autoimmunity with immune regulatory abnormalities. Immunotherapy. 2015;7(12):1273-1292.
27. Shaghaghi M, Shahmahmoodi S, Nili A, Abolhassani H, Madani S P, Nejati A, et al. Vaccine-derived poliovirus infection among patients with primary immunodeficiency and effect of patient screening on disease outcomes, Iran. Emerg Infect. 2019;25(11):2005.
28. Luk A D W, Ni K, Wu Y, Lam K-T, Chan K-W, Lee P P, et al. Type I and III interferon productions are impaired in X-linked agammaglobulinemia patients toward poliovirus but not influenza virus. Front Immunol. 2018;9:1826.
29. Mieves J F, Wittke K, Freitag H, Volk H D, Scheibenbogen C,Hanitsch L G. Influenza Vaccination in Patients with Common Variable Immunodeficiency (CVID). Curr Allergy Asthma Rep. 2017;17(11):78.
30. Jackson B R, Iqbal S,Mahon B. Updated recommendations for the use of typhoid vaccine—Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices, United States, 2015. MMWR. Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2015;64(11):305.
31. Kumarage J, Seneviratne S L, Senaratne V, Fernando A, Gunasekera K, Gunasena B, et al. The response to Typhi Vi vaccination is compromised in individuals with primary immunodeficiency. Heliyon. 2017;3(6):e00333.
32. Kuate Defo Z,Lee B. New approaches in oral rotavirus vaccines. Crit Rev Microbiol. 2016;42(3):495-505.
33. Organization W H. Rotavirus vaccines: an update. Weekly Epidemiological Record= Relevé épidémiologique hebdomadaire. 2009;84(51-52):533-537.
34. Klinkenberg D, Blohm M, Hoehne M, Mas Marques A, Malecki M, Schildgen V, et al. Risk of Rotavirus Vaccination for Children with SCID. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2015;34(1):114-115.
35. Bakare N, Menschik D, Tiernan R, Hua W,Martin D. Severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) and rotavirus vaccination: reports to the Vaccine Adverse Events Reporting System (VAERS). Vaccine. 2010;28(40):6609-6612.
36. Gray G C,Erdman D D. Adenovirus vaccines. Plotkin's Vaccines. 2018:121.
37. Lion T. Adenovirus infections in immunocompetent and immunocompromised patients. Clin Microbiol Rev. 2014;27(3):441-462.
38. Parker A R, Park M A, Harding S,Abraham R S. The total IgM, IgA and IgG antibody responses to pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccination (Pneumovax® 23) in a healthy adult population and patients diagnosed with primary immunodeficiencies. Vaccine. 2019;37(10):1350-1355.
39. Pilishvili T,Bennett N M. Pneumococcal disease prevention among adults: strategies for the use of pneumococcal vaccines. Vaccine. 2015;33:D60-D65.
40. Lopez B, Bahuaud M, Fieschi C, Mehlal S, Jeljeli M, Rogeau S, et al. Value of the overall pneumococcal polysaccharide response in the diagnosis of primary humoral immunodeficiencies. Front Immunol. 2017;8:1862.
41. Ning G, Yin Z, Li Y, Wang H,Yang W. Cost-effectiveness of the Haemophilus influenzae type b vaccine for infants in mainland China. Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2018;14(1):36-44.
42. Hansen J, Timbol J, Lewis N, Pool V, Decker M D, Greenberg D P, et al. Safety of DTaP-IPV/Hib vaccine administered routinely to infants and toddlers. Vaccine. 2016;34(35):4172-4179.
2. Papadopoulou-Alataki E, Hassan A,Davies E G. Prevention of infection in children and adolescents with primary immunodeficiency disorders. Asian Pac J Allergy Immunol. 2012;30(4):249-258.
3. Bonilla F A. Update: Vaccines in primary immunodeficiency. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2018;141(2):474-481.
4. Chapel H, Prevot J, Gaspar H B, Español T, Bonilla F A, Solis L, et al. Primary immune deficiencies–principles of care. Front Immunol. 2014;5:627.
5. of the Immune M A C, Foundation D, Shearer W T, Fleisher T A, Buckley R H, Ballas Z, et al. Recommendations for live viral and bacterial vaccines in immunodeficient patients and their close contacts. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2014;133(4):961-966.
6. Principi N,Esposito S. Vaccine use in primary immunodeficiency disorders. Vaccine. 2014;32(30):3725-3731.
7. Martire B, Azzari C, Badolato R, Canessa C, Cirillo E, Gallo V, et al. Vaccination in immunocompromised host: recommendations of italian primary immunodeficiency network centers (IPINET). Vaccine. 2018;36(24):3541-3554.
8. Shrot S, Barkai G, Ben-Shlush A,Soudack M. BCGitis and BCGosis in children with primary immunodeficiency—imaging characteristics. Pediatr radiol. 2016;46(2):237-245.
9. Elsidig N, Alshahrani D, Alshehri M, Alzahrani M, Alhajjar S, Aljummah S, et al. Bacillus Calmette–Guérin vaccine related lymphadenitis in children: Management guidelines endorsed by the Saudi Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society (SPIDS). Int J Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2015;2(2):89-95.
10. Marciano B E, Huang C Y, Joshi G, Rezaei N, Carvalho B C, Allwood Z, et al. BCG vaccination in patients with severe combined immunodeficiency: complications, risks, and vaccination policies. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2014;133(4):1134-1141.
11. Sarmiento J D, Villada F, Orrego J C, Franco J L,Trujillo-Vargas C M. Adverse events following immunization in patients with primary immunodeficiencies. Vaccine. 2016;34(13):1611-1616.
12. Sarmiento Delgado J, Trujillo Vargas C, Villada F, Orrego Arango J,Franco J, editors. Adverse events following immunization (AEFI) in patients with Primary Immunodeficiencies. Front. Immunol. Conference Abstract: IMMUNOCOLOMBIA2015-11th Congress of the Latin American Association of Immunology-10o. Congreso de la Asociación Colombiana de Alergia, Asma e Inmunología. doi: 10.3389/conf. fimmu; 2015.
13. Zhou Q, Hui X, Ying W, Hou J, Wang W, Liu D, et al. A cohort of 169 chronic granulomatous disease patients exposed to BCG vaccination: a retrospective study from a single center in Shanghai, China (2004–2017). J Clin Immunol. 2018;38(3):260-272.
14. Ishikawa T, Okai M, Mochizuki E, Uchiyama T, Onodera M,Kawai T. BCG infections at high frequency in both AR-CGD and X-CGD patients following BCG vaccination. Clin Infect Dis. 2020.
15. Chitamanni P, Anbazhagan J, Parameswaran N,Vijayakumar S. BCGosis in Infants with Severe Combined ImmunoDeficiency (SCID). Indian J Pediatr. 2018;85(7):585-586.
16. Esteve-Sole A, Sánchez-Dávila S P, Deyà-Martínez A, Freeman A F, Zelazny A M, Dekker J P, et al. Severe BCG-osis misdiagnosed as multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in an IL-12Rβ1-deficient Peruvian girl. J Clin Immunol. 2018;38(6):712-716.
17. Bayer D, Martinez C, Sorte H, Forbes L, Demmler‐Harrison G, Hanson I, et al. Vaccine‐associated varicella and rubella infections in severe combined immunodeficiency with isolated CD 4 lymphocytopenia and mutations in IL 7 R detected by tandem whole exome sequencing and chromosomal microarray. Clin Exp Immunol. 2014;178(3):459-469.
18. Pöyhönen L, Bustamante J, Casanova J-L, Jouanguy E,Zhang Q. Life-threatening infections due to live-attenuated vaccines: early manifestations of inborn errors of immunity. J Clin Immunol. 2019;39(4):376-390.
19. Burns C, Cheung A, Stark Z, Choo S, Downie L, White S, et al. A novel presentation of homozygous loss-of-function STAT-1 mutation in an infant with hyperinflammation—A case report and review of the literature. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract. 2016;4(4):777-779.
20. Duncan C J, Mohamad S M, Young D F, Skelton A J, Leahy T R, Munday D C, et al. Human IFNAR2 deficiency: Lessons for antiviral immunity. Sci Transl Med. 2015;7(307):307ra154.
21. Rubin L G, Levin M J, Ljungman P, Davies E G, Avery R, Tomblyn M, et al. 2013 IDSA clinical practice guideline for vaccination of the immunocompromised host. Clin Infect Dis. 2014;58(3):e44-e100.
22. Galal N M, Meshaal S, ElHawary R, Nasr E, Bassiouni L, Ashghar H, et al. Poliovirus excretion following vaccination with live poliovirus vaccine in patients with primary immunodeficiency disorders: clinicians’ perspectives in the endgame plan for polio eradication. BMC research notes. 2018;11(1):1-5.
23. Mohanty M C, Madkaikar M R, Desai M, Taur P, Nalavade U P, Sharma D K, et al. Poliovirus Excretion in Children with Primary Immunodeficiency Disorders, India. Emerg Infect Dis. 2017;23(10):1664-1670.
24. Giri S, Kumar N, Dhanapal P, Venkatesan J, Kasirajan A, Iturriza-Gomara M, et al. Quantity of Vaccine Poliovirus Shed Determines the Titer of the Serum Neutralizing Antibody Response in Indian Children Who Received Oral Vaccine. J Infect Dis. 2018;217(9):1395-1398.
25. Aghamohammadi A, Abolhassani H, Kutukculer N, Wassilak S G, Pallansch M A, Kluglein S, et al. Patients with Primary Immunodeficiencies Are a Reservoir of Poliovirus and a Risk to Polio Eradication. Front Immunol. 2017;8:685.
26. Eibl M M,Wolf H M. Vaccination in patients with primary immune deficiency, secondary immune deficiency and autoimmunity with immune regulatory abnormalities. Immunotherapy. 2015;7(12):1273-1292.
27. Shaghaghi M, Shahmahmoodi S, Nili A, Abolhassani H, Madani S P, Nejati A, et al. Vaccine-derived poliovirus infection among patients with primary immunodeficiency and effect of patient screening on disease outcomes, Iran. Emerg Infect. 2019;25(11):2005.
28. Luk A D W, Ni K, Wu Y, Lam K-T, Chan K-W, Lee P P, et al. Type I and III interferon productions are impaired in X-linked agammaglobulinemia patients toward poliovirus but not influenza virus. Front Immunol. 2018;9:1826.
29. Mieves J F, Wittke K, Freitag H, Volk H D, Scheibenbogen C,Hanitsch L G. Influenza Vaccination in Patients with Common Variable Immunodeficiency (CVID). Curr Allergy Asthma Rep. 2017;17(11):78.
30. Jackson B R, Iqbal S,Mahon B. Updated recommendations for the use of typhoid vaccine—Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices, United States, 2015. MMWR. Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2015;64(11):305.
31. Kumarage J, Seneviratne S L, Senaratne V, Fernando A, Gunasekera K, Gunasena B, et al. The response to Typhi Vi vaccination is compromised in individuals with primary immunodeficiency. Heliyon. 2017;3(6):e00333.
32. Kuate Defo Z,Lee B. New approaches in oral rotavirus vaccines. Crit Rev Microbiol. 2016;42(3):495-505.
33. Organization W H. Rotavirus vaccines: an update. Weekly Epidemiological Record= Relevé épidémiologique hebdomadaire. 2009;84(51-52):533-537.
34. Klinkenberg D, Blohm M, Hoehne M, Mas Marques A, Malecki M, Schildgen V, et al. Risk of Rotavirus Vaccination for Children with SCID. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2015;34(1):114-115.
35. Bakare N, Menschik D, Tiernan R, Hua W,Martin D. Severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) and rotavirus vaccination: reports to the Vaccine Adverse Events Reporting System (VAERS). Vaccine. 2010;28(40):6609-6612.
36. Gray G C,Erdman D D. Adenovirus vaccines. Plotkin's Vaccines. 2018:121.
37. Lion T. Adenovirus infections in immunocompetent and immunocompromised patients. Clin Microbiol Rev. 2014;27(3):441-462.
38. Parker A R, Park M A, Harding S,Abraham R S. The total IgM, IgA and IgG antibody responses to pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccination (Pneumovax® 23) in a healthy adult population and patients diagnosed with primary immunodeficiencies. Vaccine. 2019;37(10):1350-1355.
39. Pilishvili T,Bennett N M. Pneumococcal disease prevention among adults: strategies for the use of pneumococcal vaccines. Vaccine. 2015;33:D60-D65.
40. Lopez B, Bahuaud M, Fieschi C, Mehlal S, Jeljeli M, Rogeau S, et al. Value of the overall pneumococcal polysaccharide response in the diagnosis of primary humoral immunodeficiencies. Front Immunol. 2017;8:1862.
41. Ning G, Yin Z, Li Y, Wang H,Yang W. Cost-effectiveness of the Haemophilus influenzae type b vaccine for infants in mainland China. Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2018;14(1):36-44.
42. Hansen J, Timbol J, Lewis N, Pool V, Decker M D, Greenberg D P, et al. Safety of DTaP-IPV/Hib vaccine administered routinely to infants and toddlers. Vaccine. 2016;34(35):4172-4179.
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| Issue | Vol 3, No 4 (2020) | |
| Section | Review Article | |
| DOI | https://doi.org/10.18502/igj.v3i4.7453 | |
| Keywords | ||
| Vaccination Primary Immunodeficiency Live-Attenuated Vaccine Inactivated Vaccine | ||
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How to Cite
1.
Khalili A. Vaccination in Patients with Primary Immunodeficiency Disorders. Immunol Genet J. 2020;3(4):171-179.
